Contents
- Contents.
- Preface.
- 1. The study of animal intelligence.
- The distribution of intelligence.
- Defining animal intelligence.
- Why study animal intelligence?
- Methods for studying animal intelligence Historical background
- 2. Associative learning Conditioning techniques.
- The nature of associative learning.
- Stimulus–stimulus learning.
- The nature of us representations.
- The conditioned response.
- Concluding comment: the reflexive nature of the conditioned response.
- 3. The conditions for learning: Surprise and attention.
- Part 1: Surprise and conditioning.
- Conditioning with a single CS.
- Conditioning with a compound CS.
- Evaluation of the Rescorla–Wagner model.
- Part 2: Attention and conditioning Wagner’s theory.
- Stimulus significance.
- The Pearce–Hall theory.
- Concluding comments.
- 4. Instrumental conditioning.
- The nature of instrumental learning.
- The conditions of learning.
- The performance of instrumental behavior.
- The Law of Effect and problem solving.
- 5. Extinction.
- Extinction as generalization decrement.
- The conditions for extinction.
- Associative changes during extinction.
- Are trials important for Pavlovian extinction?
- 6. Discrimination learning.
- Theories of discrimination learning.
- Connectionist models of discrimination learning.
- Metacognition and discrimination learning.
- 7. Category formation.
- Examples of categorization.
- Theories of categorization.
- Abstract categories Relationships as categories.
- The representation of knowledge.
- 8. Short-term retention.
- Methods of study.
- Forgetting.
- Theoretical interpretation.
- Serial position effects.
- Metamemory.
- 9. Long-term retention.
- Capacity.
- Durability.
- Theoretical interpretation.
- Episodic memory.
- 10. Time, number, and serial order.
- Time.
- Number.
- Serial order.
- Transitive inference.
- Concluding comments.
- 11. Navigation.
- Part 1: Short-distance travel.
- Methods of navigation.
- Part 2: Long-distance travel.
- Navigational cues.
- Homing.
- Migration.
- Concluding comments.
- 12. Social learning.
- Diet selection and foraging.
- Choosing a mate.
- Fear of predators.
- Copying behavior: mimicry.
- Copying behavior: imitation.
- Theory of mind.
- Self-recognition.
- Concluding comments.
- 13. Animal communication and language.
- Animal communication.
- Communication and language.
- Can an ape create a sentence?
- Language training with other species.
- The requirements for learning a language.
- 14. The distribution of intelligence.
- Intelligence and brain size.
- The null hypothesis.
- Intelligence and evolution.
- References.